White Matter Deficits in Psychopathic Offenders and Correlation with Factor Structure

White Matter Deficits in Psychopathic Offenders and Correlation with Factor Structure

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Sylco S. Hoppenbrouwers , Arash Nazeri , Danilo R. de Jesus, Tania Stirpe, Daniel Felsky, Dennis J. L. G. Schutter, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Aristotle N. Voineskos Published: August 20, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072375 Abstract Psychopathic offenders show a persistent pattern of emotional unresponsivity to the often horrendous crimes they perpetrate. Recent studies have related psychopathy to alterations in white matter. Therefore, diffusion tensor imaging followed by tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis in 11 psychopathic offenders matched to…

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Relations of Distinct Psychopathic Personality Traits with Anxiety and Fear: Findings from Offenders and Non-Offenders

Relations of Distinct Psychopathic Personality Traits with Anxiety and Fear: Findings from Offenders and Non-Offenders

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Steven M. Gillespie , Ian J. Mitchell, Rose-Marie Satherley, Anthony R. Beech, Pia Rotshtein Published: November 16, 2015 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143120 Abstract Early descriptions of psychopathy emphasise fearlessness and a lack of nervousness or anxiety as key characteristics of the disorder. However, conflicting evidence suggests that anxiety may be positively correlated with some aspects of the psychopathy construct. This position may seem somewhat paradoxical when considered alongside impaired processing of fear related stimuli in psychopathic personality. The…

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Monochrome image of a woman sitting alone on a bench, reading 'Fruiting Bodies,' symbolizing introspection and social judgment.
Social Judgement in Borderline Personality Disorder

Social Judgement in Borderline Personality Disorder

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Katie Nicol , Merrick Pope, Reiner Sprengelmeyer, Andrew W. Young, Jeremy Hall Published: November 6, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073440   Abstract Background Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a common and serious mental illness, associated with a high risk of suicide and self harm. Those with a diagnosis of BPD often display difficulties with social interaction and struggle to form and maintain interpersonal relationships. Here we investigated the ability of participants with BPD to make social inferences from…

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Searching in the dark: Shining a light on some predictors of non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder

Searching in the dark: Shining a light on some predictors of non-response to psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Jane Woodbridge, Samantha Reis, Michelle L. Townsend, Lucy Hobby, Brin F. S. Grenyer Published: July 27, 2021 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255055 Abstract Background Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a prevalent and serious mental health condition. People can experience recovery or remission after receiving psychotherapy for BPD; however, it is estimated that about 45% of people in well conducted treatment trials do not respond adequately to current psychological treatments. Aim To further advance psychotherapies for BPD by identifying the…

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Narcissism as a Moderator of Satisfaction with Body Image in Young Women with Extreme Underweight and Obesity

Narcissism as a Moderator of Satisfaction with Body Image in Young Women with Extreme Underweight and Obesity

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Małgorzata Lipowska , Mariusz Lipowski Published: May 11, 2015 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126724 Abstract Objective Body weight and age constitute main determinants of body image in women. We analyzed the role of narcissism as a moderator of body image in young women representing various extremes of body weight. Methods The study included 325 women between 18 and 35 years, qualified into three BMI categories: obese women (BMI > 30.0, n = 72), severely underweight women who did not…

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RISK aversion in Italian forensic and non-forensic patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

RISK aversion in Italian forensic and non-forensic patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Nicola Canessa, Laura Iozzino , onia Andreose, Luca Castelletti, Giovanni Conte, Alexander Dvorak, Clarissa Ferrari, Janusz Heitzman, Ambra Macis, Inga Markiewicz, Giulia Mattavelli, Giuseppe Nicolò, Marco Picchioni, Giuseppe Restuccia, Gianfranco Rivellini, Fabio Teti, Giovanni de Girolamo Published: July 31, 2023  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289152   Abstract Background Goal-directed decision-making is a central component of the broader reward and motivation system, and requires the ability to dynamically integrate both positive and negative feedback from the environment in order to…

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To troll or not to troll: Young adults’ anti-social behaviour on social media

To troll or not to troll: Young adults’ anti-social behaviour on social media

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Felipe Bonow Soares , Anatoliy Gruzd, Jenna Jacobson, Jaigris Hodson Published: May 24, 2023 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284374 Abstract Background Online anti-social behaviour is on the rise, reducing the perceived benefits of social media in society and causing a number of negative outcomes. This research focuses on the factors associated with young adults being perpetrators of anti-social behaviour when using social media. Method Based on an online survey of university students in Canada (n = 359), we used…

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Personality Disorder and Changes in Affect Consciousness: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study of Patients with Avoidant and Borderline Personality Disorder

Personality Disorder and Changes in Affect Consciousness: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study of Patients with Avoidant and Borderline Personality Disorder

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Eivind Normann-Eide , Merete Selsbakk Johansen , Tone Normann-Eide , Jens Egeland , Theresa Wilberg Published: December 23, 2015 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145625 Abstract Personality disorders (PDs) are highly prevalent in patients receiving psychiatric services, and are associated with significant personal and social costs. Over the past two decades, an increasing number of treatment studies have documented the effectiveness of treatment for patients with PDs, especially when it comes to reduction of symptom distress, risk taking behavior, self-harm,…

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Symptom severity and mindreading in narcissistic personality disorder

Symptom severity and mindreading in narcissistic personality disorder

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Elena Bilotta, Antonino Carcione, Teresa Fera, Fabio Moroni, Giuseppe Nicolò, Roberto Pedone, Giovanni Pellecchia, Antonio Semerari, Livia Colle Published: August 15, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201216 Abstract Background Grandiose narcissism has been associated with poor ability to understand one’s own mental states and the mental states of others. In particular, two manifestations of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) can be explained by poor mindreading abilities: absence of symptomatic subjective distress and lack of empathy. Methods We conducted two studies…

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Impact of Psychopathy on Moral Judgments about Causing Fear and Physical Harm

Impact of Psychopathy on Moral Judgments about Causing Fear and Physical Harm

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Elise M. Cardinale, Abigail A. Marsh Published: May 20, 2015  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125708 Abstract Psychopathy is a personality variable associated with persistent immoral behaviors. Despite this, attempts to link moral reasoning deficits to psychopathic traits have yielded mixed results with many findings supporting intact moral reasoning in individuals with psychopathic traits. Abundant evidence shows that psychopathy impairs responses to others’ emotional distress. However, most studies of morality and psychopathy focus on judgments about causing others physical harm….

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