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Month: May 2025

Manipulating the odds: The effects of Machiavellianism and construal level on cheating behavior

Manipulating the odds: The effects of Machiavellianism and construal level on cheating behavior

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Mariela E. Jaffé , Rainer Greifeneder, Marc-André Reinhard Published: November 14, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224526 Abstract Values, beliefs, and traits differ across individuals, and these concepts might impact whether individuals choose to engage in (dis)honest behavior. This project focuses on interindividual differences in Machiavellianism, which is defined as a tendency toward cynicism and manipulativeness, and the belief that the ends justify the means. We hypothesized that trait Machiavellianism would predict dishonest behavior. Furthermore, we speculated that some…

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Guidelines Disconcordance in Acute Bipolar Depression: Data from the National Bipolar Mania Pathway Survey (BIPAS) in Mainland China

Guidelines Disconcordance in Acute Bipolar Depression: Data from the National Bipolar Mania Pathway Survey (BIPAS) in Mainland China

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Keming Gao, Wu Hong, Mengjuan Xing, Zhiguo Wu, Jun Chen, Chen Zhang, Chengmei Yuan, Jia Huang, Daihui Peng, Yong Wang, Weihong Lu, Zhenghui Yi, Xin Yu, Jingping Zhao, Yiru Fang   Published: April 24, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096096   Abstract With the recent attention to the importance of evidence-based medicine in psychiatry, a number of treatment guidelines have been published. This survey investigated prescribing pattern and predictors for guideline disconcordance in the acute treatment of bipolar depression…

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Understanding empathy deficits and emotion dysregulation in psychopathy: The mediating role of alexithymia

Understanding empathy deficits and emotion dysregulation in psychopathy: The mediating role of alexithymia

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Matthias Burghart , Alexander H. J. Sahm, Sergej Schmidt, Jan Bulla, Daniela Mier Published: May 8, 2024 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301085 Abstract Psychopathy is a severe personality disorder marked by a wide range of emotional deficits, including a lack of empathy, emotion dysregulation, and alexithymia. Previous research has largely examined these emotional impairments in isolation, ignoring their influence on each other. Thus, we examined the concurrent interrelationship between emotional impairments in psychopathy, with a particular focus on the…

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Personality Traits as Risk Factors for Treatment-Resistant Depression

Personality Traits as Risk Factors for Treatment-Resistant Depression

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Michio Takahashi, Yukihiko Shirayama , Katsumasa Muneoka, Masatoshi Suzuki, Koichi Sato, Kenji Hashimoto Published: May 22, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063756 Abstract Background The clinical outcome of antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) is thought to be associated with personality traits. A number of studies suggest that depressed patients show high harm avoidance, low self-directedness and cooperativeness, as measured on the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). However, the psychology of these patients is not well…

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Estimating the total prevalence of PTSD among the UK police force: Formal comment on Stevelink et al. (2020)

Estimating the total prevalence of PTSD among the UK police force: Formal comment on Stevelink et al. (2020)

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Open Access Formal Comment Chris R. Brewin , Jessica K. Miller, Brendan Burchell Published: May 20, 2022 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268621 Abstract Two recent surveys have reported widely differing prevalence rates for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within the U.K. police force. Stevelink et al. (2020) reported a rate of 3.9% whereas a survey conducted for the charity Police Care UK reported a rate of 20.6%. In this comment we discuss how definitions and methodological factors can impact prevalence rates. We consider a number…

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Body image and appearance distress among military veterans and civilians with an injury-related visible difference: A comparison study

Body image and appearance distress among military veterans and civilians with an injury-related visible difference: A comparison study

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Mary Keeling , Diana Harcourt, Paul White, Sarah Evans, Victoria S. Williams V., James Kiff, Heidi Williamson Published: February 7, 2025 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305022 Abstract Injuries sustained during military conflict can significantly impact appearance. Yet, little is known about the psychosocial experiences of veterans with conflict-related appearance-altering injuries (AAI) and whether current civilian interventions are appropriate for this group. To inform the development of acceptable and effective support for veterans with appearance–related psychosocial difficulties, this study aimed to identify factors associated with…

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White Matter Microstructure Alterations: A Study of Alcoholics with and without Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

White Matter Microstructure Alterations: A Study of Alcoholics with and without Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Caitlin A. Durkee, Joelle E. Sarlls, Daniel W. Hommer, Reza Momenan Published: November 18, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080952 Abstract Many brain imaging studies have demonstrated reductions in gray and white matter volumes in alcoholism, with fewer investigators using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine the integrity of white matter pathways. Among various medical conditions, alcoholism and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are two comorbid diseases that have similar degenerative effects on the white matter integrity. Therefore, understanding and…

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What makes a violent mind? The interplay of parental rearing, dark triad personality traits and propensity for violence in a sample of German adolescents

What makes a violent mind? The interplay of parental rearing, dark triad personality traits and propensity for violence in a sample of German adolescents

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Alexander Yendell , Vera Clemens , Julia Schuler, Oliver Decker Published: June 22, 2022 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268992 Correction 20 Jan 2023: The PLOS ONE Staff (2023) Correction: What makes a violent mind? The interplay of parental rearing, dark triad personality traits and propensity for violence in a sample of German adolescents. PLOS ONE 18(1): e0280898. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280898 View correction Abstract Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy are socially aversive personality traits that are strongly linked to the propensity of violence….

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Childhood physical abuse and subsequent violent victimization among people who use illegal drugs in Vancouver, Canada

Childhood physical abuse and subsequent violent victimization among people who use illegal drugs in Vancouver, Canada

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Julie Sagram , William Lee, JinCheol Choi, M.-J. Milloy , Kanna Hayashi , Kora DeBeck , Evan Wood , Thomas Kerr Published: August 12, 2021 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255875 Abstract Background Violent victimization is common among people who use illegal drugs (PWUD) and is a source of significant health-related harm. However, little attention has been paid to how antecedent childhood trauma among PWUD may contribute to the risk of victimization in adulthood. Objective This study sought to examine…

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Childhood trauma, PTSD/CPTSD and chronic pain: A systematic review

Childhood trauma, PTSD/CPTSD and chronic pain: A systematic review

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Maria Karimov-Zwienenberg , Wilfried Symphor, William Peraud, Greg Décamps Published: August 30, 2024 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309332 Abstract Background Despite the growing body of literature on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain comorbidity, studies taking into account the role of childhood exposure to traumatic and adverse events remains minimal. Additionally, it has been well established that survivors of childhood trauma may develop more complex reactions that extend beyond those observed in PTSD, typically categorized as complex trauma…

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