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Author: Andre Venter

Knowing Where to Draw the Line: Perceptual Differences between Risk-takers and Non-Risk-Takers

Knowing Where to Draw the Line: Perceptual Differences between Risk-takers and Non-Risk-Takers

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Adam T. Biggs , Paul C. Stey, Christopher C. Davoli, Daniel Lapsley, James R. Brockmole Published: March 17, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091880 Abstract There are a variety of reasons someone might engage in risky behaviors, such as perceived invulnerability to harm or a belief that negative outcomes are more likely for others than for oneself. However, these risk-taking biases are often measured at a decision-making level or from the developmental perspective. Here we assessed whether or not…

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The overlap between autistic spectrum conditions and borderline personality disorder

The overlap between autistic spectrum conditions and borderline personality disorder

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Robert B. Dudas , Chris Lovejoy, Sarah Cassidy, Carrie Allison, Paula Smith, Simon Baron-Cohen Published: September 8, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184447 Correction 2 Jan 2018: Dudas RB, Lovejoy C, Cassidy S, Allison C, Smith P, et al. (2018) Correction: The overlap between autistic spectrum conditions and borderline personality disorder. PLOS ONE 13(1): e0190727. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190727 View correction Abstract Background Both people with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) are significantly challenged in terms of understanding and responding to emotions and…

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Exploring mentalization, trust, communication quality, and alienation in adolescents

Exploring mentalization, trust, communication quality, and alienation in adolescents

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Angela Clarke , Pamela J. Meredith , Tanya A. Rose Published: June 15, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234662 Abstract Introduction A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the importance of mentalization for adolescents’ psychosocial functioning; however, further research is needed to understand links between mentalization and other socio-cognitive factors. The aim of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between a teen’s capacity to mentalize and three attachment-related factors: parent-teen trust, parent-teen communication, and parent-teen alienation….

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Social Cognition in Anorexia Nervosa: Evidence of Preserved Theory of Mind and Impaired Emotional Functioning

Social Cognition in Anorexia Nervosa: Evidence of Preserved Theory of Mind and Impaired Emotional Functioning

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Mauro Adenzato, Patrizia Todisco, Rita B. Ardito Published: August 31, 2012 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0044414 Abstract Background The findings of the few studies that have to date investigated the way in which individuals with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) navigate their social environment are somewhat contradictory. We undertook this study to shed new light on the social-cognitive profile of patients with AN, analysing Theory of Mind and emotional functioning. Starting from previous evidence on the role of the amygdala in…

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Psychopathic Traits and Their Relationship with the Cognitive Costs and Compulsive Nature of Lying in Offenders

Psychopathic Traits and Their Relationship with the Cognitive Costs and Compulsive Nature of Lying in Offenders

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Bruno Verschuere , Willem in ´t Hout Published: July 8, 2016 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158595 Abstract The cognitive view on deception holds that lying typically requires additional mental effort as compared to truth telling. Psychopathy, however, has been associated with swift and even compulsive lying, leading us to explore the ease and compulsive nature of lying in psychopathic offenders. We explored the costs of instructed lying versus truth telling through RTs and error rates in 52 violent male…

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Self-Relevant Disgust and Self-Harm Urges in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder and Depression: A Pilot Study with a Newly Designed Psychological Challenge

Self-Relevant Disgust and Self-Harm Urges in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder and Depression: A Pilot Study with a Newly Designed Psychological Challenge

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Sawsan Abdul-Hamid, Chess Denman, Robert B. Dudas Published: June 23, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099696 Abstract Background Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a common psychiatric condition associated with self-harm. Self-harm is poorly understood and there is currently no treatment for acute presentations with self-harm urges. Objectives By using a new task (Self-relevant Task; SRT), to explore emotions related to one’s own person (PERSON task) and body (BODY task), to study the correlations of these emotions, specifically disgust, with…

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Cool and Hot Executive Function Impairments in Violent Offenders with Antisocial Personality Disorder with and without Psychopathy

Cool and Hot Executive Function Impairments in Violent Offenders with Antisocial Personality Disorder with and without Psychopathy

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Stephane A. De Brito , Essi Viding, Veena Kumari, Nigel Blackwood, Sheilagh Hodgins Published: June 20, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065566 Abstract Background Impairments in executive function characterize offenders with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and offenders with psychopathy. However, the extent to which those impairments are associated with ASPD, psychopathy, or both is unknown. Methods The present study examined 17 violent offenders with ASPD and psychopathy (ASPD+P), 28 violent offenders with ASPD without psychopathy (ASPD−P), and 21 healthy…

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Evidence for arrogance: On the relative importance of expertise, outcome, and manner

Evidence for arrogance: On the relative importance of expertise, outcome, and manner

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Maxim Milyavsky , Arie W. Kruglanski, Marina Chernikova, Noa Schori-Eyal   Published: July 6, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180420 Abstract Arrogant behavior is as old as human nature. Nonetheless, the factors that cause people to be perceived as arrogant have received very little research attention. In this paper, we focused on a typical manifestation of arrogance: dismissive behavior. In particular, we explored the conditions under which a person who dismissed advice would be perceived as arrogant. We examined…

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The links between neuroinflammation, brain structure and depressive disorder: A cross-sectional study protocol

The links between neuroinflammation, brain structure and depressive disorder: A cross-sectional study protocol

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Open Access Study Protocol Egle Milasauskiene , Julius Burkauskas, Simonas Jesmanas, Rymante Gleizniene, Vilmante Borutaite, Kristina Skemiene, Paulina Vaitkiene, Virginija Adomaitiene, Saulius Lukosevicius, Brigita Gradauskiene, Guy Brown, Vesta Steibliene Published: November 20, 2024 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311218 Abstract Introduction It is known that symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) are associated with neurodegeneration, that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce symptoms of MDD, and that blood LPS levels are elevated in neurodegeneration. However, it is not known whether blood LPS and cytokine levels correlate with…

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Inverted Social Reward: Associations between Psychopathic Traits and Self-Report and Experimental Measures of Social Reward

Inverted Social Reward: Associations between Psychopathic Traits and Self-Report and Experimental Measures of Social Reward

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Lucy Foulkes , Eamon J. McCrory, Craig S. Neumann, Essi Viding Published: August 27, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0106000 Abstract Individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits tend to undervalue long-term, affiliative relationships, but it remains unclear what motivates them to engage in social interactions at all. Their experience of social reward may provide an important clue. In Study 1 of this paper, a large sample of participants (N = 505) completed a measure of psychopathic traits (Self-Report Psychopathy Scale…

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