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Category: Trauma & Stress Disorders

Stable self-serving personality traits in recreational and dependent cocaine users

Stable self-serving personality traits in recreational and dependent cocaine users

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Boris B. Quednow, Lea M. Hulka, Katrin H. Preller, Markus R. Baumgartner, Christoph Eisenegger, Matthias Vonmoos Published: March 2, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172853 Abstract Chronic cocaine use has been associated with impairments in social cognition, self-serving and antisocial behavior, and socially relevant personality disorders (PD). Despite the apparent relationship between Machiavellianism and stimulant use, no study has explicitly examined this personality concept in cocaine users so far. In the frame of the longitudinal Zurich Cocaine Cognition Study,…

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Personality and psychopathological characteristics in functional movement disorders

Personality and psychopathological characteristics in functional movement disorders

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Antonina Luca, Tiziana Lo Castro, Giovanni Mostile, Giulia Donzuso, Calogero Edoardo Cicero, Alessandra Nicoletti, Mario Zappia Published: May 10, 2024 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303379 Abstract Introduction Aim of the present study was to assess personality and psychopathological characteristics in patients with functional movement disorders (FMDs) compared to patients with other neurological disorders (OND).   Methods In this cross-sectional study, patients affected by clinically established FMDs and OND who attended the Neurologic Unit of the University-Hospital “Policlinico-San Marco” of…

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Suicide and sudden violent death among young people: Two sides of the same coin?

Suicide and sudden violent death among young people: Two sides of the same coin?

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Annelie Werbart Törnblom , Andrzej Werbart , Kimmo Sorjonen , Bo Runeson Published: December 4, 2024 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313673   Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare risk factors for death by suicide and sudden violent death (SVD) among young people aged 10–25 years. Two target samples, 63 consecutive cases of youth suicide and 62 cases of SVD, were compared on potential risk factors differentiating the two groups from 104 controls. Data on psychiatric…

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Mental disorders and criminal legal involvement: Evidence from a national diagnostic epidemiological survey

Mental disorders and criminal legal involvement: Evidence from a national diagnostic epidemiological survey

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Jeffrey W. Swanson , Madeline Stenger, Michele M. Easter, Natalie Bareis, Lydia Chwastiak, Lisa B. Dixon, Mark J. Edlund, Scott Graupensperger, Heidi Guyer, Maria  Monroe-DeVita, Mark Olfson, T. Scott Stroup, Katherine S. Winans, Marvin S. Swartz Published: April 9, 2025 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmen.0000257 Abstract Large numbers of adults with mental disorders in the United States are incarcerated or otherwise involved with the criminal legal system. Evidence is lacking on prevalence of specific psychiatric diagnoses in this population. This…

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The Role of Intelligence in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Does it Vary by Trauma Severity?

The Role of Intelligence in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Does it Vary by Trauma Severity?

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Naomi Breslau , Qiaoling Chen, Zhehui Luo Published: June 10, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065391 Abstract Background Only a small minority of trauma victims develops post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suggesting that victims vary in their predispositions to the PTSD response to stressors. It is assumed that the role of predispositions in PTSD varies by trauma severity: when stressors are less severe, predispositions play a bigger role. In this study, we test whether the role of intelligence in PTSD…

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Neurotrophic factors and hippocampal activity in PTSD

Neurotrophic factors and hippocampal activity in PTSD

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Ümit Tural , Ahmet Tamer Aker, Emin Önder, Hatice Turan Sodan, Hatice Ünver, Gür Akansel Published: May 25, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197889 Abstract Although numerous studies have investigated the neurotrophic factors and hippocampal activity in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) separately each other, it is unclear whether an association between neurotrophic factors and hippocampal activity is present. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional changes in hippocampus before and after treatment with escitalopram and to…

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