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Tag: Antisocial Personality Disorder

Personality Traits Are Associated with Research Misbehavior in Dutch Scientists: A Cross-Sectional Study

Personality Traits Are Associated with Research Misbehavior in Dutch Scientists: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Joeri K. Tijdink , Lex M. Bouter, Coosje L. S. Veldkamp, Peter M. van de Ven, Jelte M. Wicherts, Yvo M. Smulders Published: September 29, 2016 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163251 Abstract Background Personality influences decision making and ethical considerations. Its influence on the occurrence of research misbehavior has never been studied. This study aims to determine the association between personality traits and self-reported questionable research practices and research misconduct. We hypothesized that narcissistic, Machiavellianistic and psychopathic traits as…

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Men, Prostitution and the Provider Role: Understanding the Intersections of Economic Exchange, Sex, Crime and Violence in South Africa

Men, Prostitution and the Provider Role: Understanding the Intersections of Economic Exchange, Sex, Crime and Violence in South Africa

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Rachel Jewkes , Robert Morrell, Yandisa Sikweyiya, Kristin Dunkle, Loveday Penn-Kekana Published: July 20, 2012 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040821 Abstract Background South African policy makers are reviewing legislation of prostitution, concerned that criminalisation hampers HIV prevention. They seek to understand the relationship between transactional sex, prostitution, and the nature of the involved men. Methods 1645 randomly-selected adult South African men participated in a household study, disclosing whether they had sex with a woman in prostitution or had had…

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Personality, Executive Control, and Neurobiological Characteristics Associated with Different Forms of Risky Driving

Personality, Executive Control, and Neurobiological Characteristics Associated with Different Forms of Risky Driving

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Thomas G. Brown ,Marie Claude Ouimet,  Manal Eldeb, Jacques Tremblay, Evelyn Vingilis, Louise Nadeau, Jens Pruessner, Antoine Bechara Published: February 24, 2016 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150227 Abstract Background Road crashes represent a huge burden on global health. Some drivers are prone to repeated episodes of risky driving (RD) and are over-represented in crashes and related morbidity. However, their characteristics are heterogeneous, hampering development of targeted intervention strategies. This study hypothesized that distinct personality, cognitive, and neurobiological processes are…

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Workplace Bullying and Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis on Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data

Workplace Bullying and Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis on Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Bart Verkuil , Serpil Atasayi , Marc L. Molendijk Published: August 25, 2015 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135225 Abstract Background A growing body of research has confirmed that workplace bullying is a source of distress and poor mental health. Here we summarize the cross-sectional and longitudinal literature on these associations. Methods Systematic review and meta-analyses on the relation between workplace bullying and mental health. Results The cross-sectional data (65 effect sizes, N = 115.783) showed positive associations between workplace…

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Emotional straying: Flux and management of women’s emotions in social media

Emotional straying: Flux and management of women’s emotions in social media

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Pengpeng Li , Qianru Zhuo Published: December 13, 2023 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295835 Correction 19 Dec 2024: Li P, Zhuo Q (2024) Correction: Emotional straying: Flux and management of women’s emotions in social media. PLOS ONE 19(12): e0316285. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316285 Correction: Emotional straying: Flux and management of women’s emotions in social media Pengpeng Li, Qianru Zhuo Published: December 19, 2024 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316285 The second affiliation of the first author should have not been indicated. Pengpeng Li is only affiliated with #1: Department…

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Differentiating Psychopathy from General Antisociality Using the P3 as a Psychophysiological Correlate of Attentional Allocation

Differentiating Psychopathy from General Antisociality Using the P3 as a Psychophysiological Correlate of Attentional Allocation

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Inti A. Brazil , Robbert Jan Verkes, Bart H. J. Brouns, Jan K. Buitelaar, Berend H. Bulten, Ellen R. A. de Bruijn Published: November 16, 2012 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050339 Abstract Recent studies have shown that while psychopathy and non-psychopathic antisociality overlap, they differ in the extent to which cognitive impairments are present. Specifically, psychopathy has been related to abnormal allocation of attention, a function that is traditionally believed to be indexed by event-related potentials (ERPs) of the…

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Knowing Where to Draw the Line: Perceptual Differences between Risk-takers and Non-Risk-Takers

Knowing Where to Draw the Line: Perceptual Differences between Risk-takers and Non-Risk-Takers

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Adam T. Biggs , Paul C. Stey, Christopher C. Davoli, Daniel Lapsley, James R. Brockmole Published: March 17, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091880 Abstract There are a variety of reasons someone might engage in risky behaviors, such as perceived invulnerability to harm or a belief that negative outcomes are more likely for others than for oneself. However, these risk-taking biases are often measured at a decision-making level or from the developmental perspective. Here we assessed whether or not…

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Exploring mentalization, trust, communication quality, and alienation in adolescents

Exploring mentalization, trust, communication quality, and alienation in adolescents

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Angela Clarke , Pamela J. Meredith , Tanya A. Rose Published: June 15, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234662 Abstract Introduction A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the importance of mentalization for adolescents’ psychosocial functioning; however, further research is needed to understand links between mentalization and other socio-cognitive factors. The aim of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between a teen’s capacity to mentalize and three attachment-related factors: parent-teen trust, parent-teen communication, and parent-teen alienation….

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Psychopathic Traits and Their Relationship with the Cognitive Costs and Compulsive Nature of Lying in Offenders

Psychopathic Traits and Their Relationship with the Cognitive Costs and Compulsive Nature of Lying in Offenders

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Bruno Verschuere , Willem in ´t Hout Published: July 8, 2016 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158595 Abstract The cognitive view on deception holds that lying typically requires additional mental effort as compared to truth telling. Psychopathy, however, has been associated with swift and even compulsive lying, leading us to explore the ease and compulsive nature of lying in psychopathic offenders. We explored the costs of instructed lying versus truth telling through RTs and error rates in 52 violent male…

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Cool and Hot Executive Function Impairments in Violent Offenders with Antisocial Personality Disorder with and without Psychopathy

Cool and Hot Executive Function Impairments in Violent Offenders with Antisocial Personality Disorder with and without Psychopathy

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Stephane A. De Brito , Essi Viding, Veena Kumari, Nigel Blackwood, Sheilagh Hodgins Published: June 20, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065566 Abstract Background Impairments in executive function characterize offenders with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and offenders with psychopathy. However, the extent to which those impairments are associated with ASPD, psychopathy, or both is unknown. Methods The present study examined 17 violent offenders with ASPD and psychopathy (ASPD+P), 28 violent offenders with ASPD without psychopathy (ASPD−P), and 21 healthy…

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