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Tag: Antisocial Personality Disorder

Default Network Deactivations Are Correlated with Psychopathic Personality Traits

Default Network Deactivations Are Correlated with Psychopathic Personality Traits

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Tong Sheng , Anahita Gheytanchi, Lisa Aziz-Zadeh Published: September 7, 2010 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0012611 Abstract Background The posteromedial cortex (PMC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are part of a network of brain regions that has been found to exhibit decreased activity during goal-oriented tasks. This network is thought to support a baseline of brain activity, and is commonly referred to as the “default network”. Although recent reports suggest that the PMC and mPFC are associated with affective,…

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Validation of the inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits among school-going adolescents in Malaysia

Validation of the inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits among school-going adolescents in Malaysia

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Aref Ezrin Mohamad Khalil, Hue San Kuay , Maruzairi Husain , Yee Cheng Kueh Published: February 16, 2023 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276724   Abstract A key component in the study of antisocial behaviour among adolescents is the presence of callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Among the established tools available to measure CU traits is the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional traits (ICU). To date, there is no validated questionnaire to assess CU traits for the local population. Therefore, there is a need to validate…

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Manipulating the odds: The effects of Machiavellianism and construal level on cheating behavior

Manipulating the odds: The effects of Machiavellianism and construal level on cheating behavior

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Mariela E. Jaffé , Rainer Greifeneder, Marc-André Reinhard Published: November 14, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224526 Abstract Values, beliefs, and traits differ across individuals, and these concepts might impact whether individuals choose to engage in (dis)honest behavior. This project focuses on interindividual differences in Machiavellianism, which is defined as a tendency toward cynicism and manipulativeness, and the belief that the ends justify the means. We hypothesized that trait Machiavellianism would predict dishonest behavior. Furthermore, we speculated that some…

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Understanding empathy deficits and emotion dysregulation in psychopathy: The mediating role of alexithymia

Understanding empathy deficits and emotion dysregulation in psychopathy: The mediating role of alexithymia

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Matthias Burghart , Alexander H. J. Sahm, Sergej Schmidt, Jan Bulla, Daniela Mier Published: May 8, 2024 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301085 Abstract Psychopathy is a severe personality disorder marked by a wide range of emotional deficits, including a lack of empathy, emotion dysregulation, and alexithymia. Previous research has largely examined these emotional impairments in isolation, ignoring their influence on each other. Thus, we examined the concurrent interrelationship between emotional impairments in psychopathy, with a particular focus on the…

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What makes a violent mind? The interplay of parental rearing, dark triad personality traits and propensity for violence in a sample of German adolescents

What makes a violent mind? The interplay of parental rearing, dark triad personality traits and propensity for violence in a sample of German adolescents

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Alexander Yendell , Vera Clemens , Julia Schuler, Oliver Decker Published: June 22, 2022 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268992 Correction 20 Jan 2023: The PLOS ONE Staff (2023) Correction: What makes a violent mind? The interplay of parental rearing, dark triad personality traits and propensity for violence in a sample of German adolescents. PLOS ONE 18(1): e0280898. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280898 View correction Abstract Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy are socially aversive personality traits that are strongly linked to the propensity of violence….

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Abnormal Anatomical Connectivity between the Amygdala and Orbitofrontal Cortex in Conduct Disorder

Abnormal Anatomical Connectivity between the Amygdala and Orbitofrontal Cortex in Conduct Disorder

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Luca Passamonti , Graeme Fairchild, Alex Fornito, Ian M. Goodyer, Ian Nimmo-Smith, Cindy C. Hagan, Andrew J. Calder Published: November 7, 2012 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048789 Abstract Objective Previous research suggested that structural and functional abnormalities within the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex contribute to the pathophysiology of Conduct Disorder (CD). Here, we investigated whether the integrity of the white-matter pathways connecting these regions is abnormal and thus may represent a putative neurobiological marker for CD. Methods Diffusion Tensor…

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Monitoring the emotional facial reactions of individuals with antisocial personality disorder during the retrieval of self-defining memories

Monitoring the emotional facial reactions of individuals with antisocial personality disorder during the retrieval of self-defining memories

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Audrey Lavallee, Thierry. H. Pham, Marie-Charlotte Gandolphe, Xavier Saloppé, Laurent Ott, Jean-Louis Nandrino Published: June 8, 2022 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268818 Abstract While a deficit in the recognition of facial expression has been demonstrated in persons with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), few studies have investigated how individuals with ASPD produce their own emotional facial expressions. This study examines the production of facial emotional expressions of male inpatients with ASPD in a forensic hospital compared with a control group…

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Social Cognition Deficits and Psychopathic Traits in Young People Seeking Mental Health Treatment

Social Cognition Deficits and Psychopathic Traits in Young People Seeking Mental Health Treatment

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Anita van Zwieten, Johanna Meyer, Daniel F. Hermens, Ian B. Hickie, David J. Hawes, Nicholas Glozier, Sharon L. Naismith, Elizabeth M. Scott, Rico S. C. Lee, Adam J. Guastella Published: July 4, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0067753 Abstract Antisocial behaviours and psychopathic traits place an individual at risk for criminality, mental illness, substance dependence, and psychosocial dysfunction. Social cognition deficits appear to be associated with psychopathic traits and are believed to contribute to interpersonal dysfunction. Most research investigating…

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White Matter Deficits in Psychopathic Offenders and Correlation with Factor Structure

White Matter Deficits in Psychopathic Offenders and Correlation with Factor Structure

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Sylco S. Hoppenbrouwers , Arash Nazeri , Danilo R. de Jesus, Tania Stirpe, Daniel Felsky, Dennis J. L. G. Schutter, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Aristotle N. Voineskos Published: August 20, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072375 Abstract Psychopathic offenders show a persistent pattern of emotional unresponsivity to the often horrendous crimes they perpetrate. Recent studies have related psychopathy to alterations in white matter. Therefore, diffusion tensor imaging followed by tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis in 11 psychopathic offenders matched to…

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Relations of Distinct Psychopathic Personality Traits with Anxiety and Fear: Findings from Offenders and Non-Offenders

Relations of Distinct Psychopathic Personality Traits with Anxiety and Fear: Findings from Offenders and Non-Offenders

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Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Steven M. Gillespie , Ian J. Mitchell, Rose-Marie Satherley, Anthony R. Beech, Pia Rotshtein Published: November 16, 2015 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143120 Abstract Early descriptions of psychopathy emphasise fearlessness and a lack of nervousness or anxiety as key characteristics of the disorder. However, conflicting evidence suggests that anxiety may be positively correlated with some aspects of the psychopathy construct. This position may seem somewhat paradoxical when considered alongside impaired processing of fear related stimuli in psychopathic personality. The…

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